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Iran and Syria are close strategic allies, and Iran has provided significant support for the Syrian Government in the Syrian Civil War, including logistical, technical and financial support, as well as training and some combat troops. Iran sees the survival of the Syrian government as being crucial to its regional interests.〔(Iranian Strategy in Syria ), Institute for the Study of War, Executive Summary + Full report, May 2013〕〔 Iran's supreme leader, Ali Khamenei, was reported in September 2011 to be vocally in favor of the Syrian government.〔 In the civil uprising phase of the Syrian civil war, Iran was said to be providing Syria with technical support based on Iran's capabilities developed following the 2009–2010 Iranian election protests.〔 As the uprising developed into the Syrian civil war, there were increasing reports of Iranian military support, and of Iranian training of NDF (National Defence Forces) both in Syria, and in Iran.〔BBC Newsnight, report on Iranian military advisor Hadari, 28 October 2013 'Iran's Secret Army' (),()〕 Iranian security and intelligence services are advising and assisting the Syrian military in order to preserve Bashar al-Assad's hold on power.〔 Those efforts include training, technical support, combat troops.〔〔 By December 2013 Iran was thought to have approximately 10,000 operatives in Syria.〔 But according to Jubin Goodarzi, assistant professor and researcher of Webster University, Iran aided the Assad regime with a limited number of deployed units and personnel, "at most in the hundreds ... and not in the thousands as opposition sources claimed". Lebanese Hezbollah fighters backed by Iran's government have taken direct combat roles since 2012.〔〔 In the summer of 2013, Iran and Hezbollah provided important battlefield support for Assad, allowing it to make advances on the opposition.〔 In 2014, coinciding with the peace talks at Geneva II, Iran has stepped up support for Syrian President Assad.〔〔 Syrian Opposition Interim Minister of Finance and Economy claims that the "Iranian government has given more than 15 billion dollars" to Syria.〔(The Interim Finance Minister: 15 Billion Dollars Iranian Support to Assad ); syrianef; 24, January, 2014〕 According to the United Nations envoy to Syria, Staffan de Mistura, the Iranian government spends at least $6 billion annually on maintaining Assad's government. Nadim Shehadi, the director of the Fares Center for Eastern Mediterranean Studies at Tufts University, said that his research puts the actual number at $15 billion annually.〔(Iran Spends Billions to Prop Up Assad ), Bloomberg View, June 9, 2015.〕 From January 2013 onward, the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps lost more 531 troops in Syria. 146 of the deaths have been Iranian nationals, mostly officers. The remaining 385 consist of Afghan Pakistani immigrants, who joined the IRGC in exchange for salaries and citizenship, in an arrangement similar to a Foreign Legion. The Afghans are recruited largely from refugees inside Iran, and usually had combat experience before joining the IRGC; their status as members of the Iranian military is only vaguely acknowledged and sometimes denied, despite the troops being uniformed fighters led by IRGC officers, with state funerals involving uniformed IRGC personnel.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Shiite Combat Casualties Show the Depth of Iran's Involvement in Syria )〕〔("Iran's involvement in Syria, units and losses October 2015" ), PBS/Levantine Group, October 29, 2015, citing Iranian state media.〕〔(Number of Iranian, Afghani fighters killed in Syrian civil war hits 400 ), June 27, 2015.〕〔("Iran's Afghan Shiite Fighters in Syria" ), Washington Institute, June 3, 2015〕 ==Background== Iran sees the survival of the Syrian government as being crucial to its interest. Its only consistent ally since the 1979 Islamic revolution, Syria provides a crucial thoroughfare to Hezbollah in Lebanon. Iranian leaders have cited Syria as being Iran's "35th province", with President Bashar al-Assad's Alawite minority led government being a crucial buffer against the influence of Saudi Arabia and the United States.〔 The Syrian city of Zabadani is vitally important to Assad and to Iran because, at least as late as June 2011, the city served as the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps's logistical hub for supplying Hezbollah. Prior to the Syrian war, Iran had between 2,000 and 3,000 IRGC officers stationed in Syria, helping to train local troops and managing supply routes of arms and money to neighboring Lebanon.〔 In April 2014, Hossein Amir-Abdolahian, Iranian deputy foreign minister said ''We aren’t seeking to have Bashar Assad remain president for life. But we do not subscribe to the idea of using extremist forces and terrorism to topple Assad and the Syrian government''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Iranian involvement in the Syrian Civil War」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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